Two Moons is a new novel by J. Raymond Ractliffe that explores the inner spirit life of Africa, her people and their powerful faith in the world of the Unseen.
To count the seasons that she had drawn breath and cocked her Milk Eye to see and listen to the Spirits that walked on the land, is to number the stars that sprinkled the sky. A local village elder with snow white hair and old cracked skin had come once to be healed of a bad spell cast on him by a jealous wife. He had been unable to perform as a man with his new young wife because she had cast a spell on him. After visiting the Medicine Woman and returning to his village and home, he had said to the other elders in his village that he had seen the Old Woman before in another place and time. Long ago when he had accompanied his father, they had travelled to the heartland of the hill peoples of Somalia. The missionaries had hired his father as a guide to take them to the people that still evaded all attempts at contact with the outside world. They distrusted this dead God who lived tied to a tree. They had preferred their own ancestors and spirits to the white man's God who it seemed came with much suffering. This pale God could never make the much-needed sacred rains come or intercede when illness struck their treasured herds. All attempts of contacting this God came to nothing. Even when newborn babies were offered and buried alive in the hopes of rejuvenating the crops and bring the rains, all failed. Even when human meat from other tribes-people was offered, the foolish who had ventured too closely to the people of the rain and cloud mountains, this God who suffered remained silent. Here he had seen this old woman with the people of the far blue hills, as she was today. Now he was an old man at the end of his days, about to become a spirit himself and go to the next place, and yet, she had remained unchanged, still here drawing breath among men. Majura's long hair, platted with small intricate bone carvings, fell beyond her stooped shoulders, over draped leopard and calf's soft skin that kept her warm beside the glowing low fire at the centre of her hut. The Spirits came to impart their wisdom or to guide their relatives still living. Here by the burnt high stones and little river that ran through the edge of the compound, Majura's ancient marked bones had revealed another great battle that was forming and raging at the edge of the open skies, where land and clouds played together like children rolling in the heavens. Majura had peered long into the slow rising smoke rising from her glowing fire, special herbs warmed on hot stones revealing in coloured detail this coming of the Two Moons. Unblinking in her one clear eye, rocking slightly to and fro, Majura sometimes mumbled incoherent words to the Unseen. Hands gesturing side to side, or pointing to an unfolding scene reflected in her Milk Eye. Now and again, a cackle would erupt deep within her toothless grin, laughing, she would clap her withered bony hands and then remain suddenly silent, nodding her approval. Majura sat in the dim light of her hut, listening to the River Knowledge coming to her as the glittering dust floating in the sun's rays danced, and watched the gentle smoke rising from a sacred fire before her. She had lit this fire with the embers that had come from the storm skies and Ngai. It had never been extinguished. Now Majura was clasping the leather pouch hanging between her shrivelled breast. They looked more like worn tobacco pouches less than fountains of milk that in her youth had fed the children from her now dried womb. They had long gone to their ancestors, their bones dried and blown to the wind. Even their smiling names lost to time. Gnarled fingers held a mystery unknown to her. Majura had not buried in a sacred grove or stone, all the foreskins of this latest age initiate group of boys from the local Masai village. One of the skins had had markings she had not seen before. The mark of a full moon had been drawn on the dark skin. It was not hidden in the folds or on the underside, but on top and proud to be seen in the fullness of day. It was clear. The marking by the Spirits showed that this boy had been singled out for a particular destiny. He had caught the attention of the Ancient Ones. Majura had been invited by the chief to come and add to their own laiboni, the traditional healer and medicine man, the Blessings of Ngai and the Ancestors. She had felt this man's jealousy as he cut the boys child skin away. His position threatened by the presence of the Old Woman. It was obvious, this man knew nothing of the Spirits and special herbs. When the ceremony had begun at the "opening of the way,” the young leader of the Age-Group, a young warrior of great repute, bravery and leadership qualities, was selected by the oloiboni - ritual expert and brought forward. A bullock was selected and led out beyond the boundaries of the village and ritually slaughtered. The young oloiboni was brought forward, the first one to drink the blood from the severed neck. During the ceremony the young boys were not permitted to drink milk in their parents' huts or eat meat in the i-mayat - warrior compound. All meat was provided by the senior warriors - goats and sheep were also allowed, provided by the families of the initiates. Majura remained in the background during the ceremony, out of this fool's way, until the time of the cutting where the boys become separated from their child skins. Leaning forward, she looked closely at each boy as his time came to be blessed. They came from their specially built enclosure and hut - enkang o sinkira, after the four days of eunoto - rituals. All heads were shaved then carefully decorated by their mothers while sitting in the cowhide in which he was to be circumcised. At the end of the ceremony, the new young warriors selected any girl as his future wife. This allowed the next age-set above them, the new senior warriors to finally marry. After going through further trials, the ritual restrictions were lifted as they took their places in guarding the people, cattle and village. When the bowl containing the small glistening skins was left by the side of the fire to be buried, Majura had seen and kept a skin marked by the moon until she had had time to throw her bones and see into the smoke of her sacred fire, as to the mystery now before her. Borrowed from the Cushite and Nilotic Peoples that had come through these lands millennia ago, circumcisions had five centuries ago become central to the initiation of all boys and girls coming of age. The boys becoming full fledged members of the society and warriors - anake - then spending several years in the service of the entire people to defend and protect them and at times go on raiding parties and attack neighbouring tribes. It was proceeded by long initiation rites, being separated and living with the other age group boys in a specially prepared hut at the edge of the village or itura. A boy not circumcised would be barred from getting married and raising children. No matter how old, they would be considered a child or retarded, seen as inferior or lacking. It is a cleansing, cutting away of the child. For an uncircumcised person to have children would be to anger Ngai and the Ancestors. These people were banned for life from remaining with their villages and relatives. They were left to migrate to the towns and cities, to be lost forever in the haze and bustling confusion of modern man. The numbing effects of powerful drink and local drugs not enough to lesson the pain of being a Cast Away. To die alone and without their Ancestor's Spirits to direct them to their sacred place in the star lit skies. Boys were selected in age groups from six to ten years. Although the initiation ceremony could be performed throughout the period, all the boys of that group would adopt an age-set name of that period. Times and events recorded in the people's history were gauged by these age-set names. Only senior warriors who were preparing to leave the warrior hood, were permitted to marry and raise children. For a young girl going through her clitoridectomy meant she was now able to bear children. Marriage came swiftly, mostly to warriors much older. Tradition allowed young girls freedom to have sex with junior warriors, as long as they did not get pregnant. Once circumcised they were considered "Esiankiki" - adult women and ready for marriage. These women were free to have sex with their old boyfriends or other males in their husband's Age-Group, even after they were married. All children born of this "wife-lending" were considered to be her husband's and not treated any differently. Older women also enjoyed the same status as male elders. A boy undergoing the painful procedure had to do so without flinching; no cries of pain. To flinch meant he was not a man, this would remain with him throughout his life. His flinching would be a sign he could not be trusted with the defence of his people. Few if any ever failed. For young girls undergoing the procedure, there were no stigmas of shame if they cried, even swearing at their mothers and aunts who cut deeply into them. Held down and legs forced open, the blood of their innocence spilt to the ground. After this they would spend a long time resting and healing with their age mates, casting from their minds the memories of their own screams. This would be the time they would be instructed into the morels, rules and customs of her people and taught the duties and responsibilities of a mature woman. So deeply held by most of the tribes of the region on the importance of this rite of passage that great fear is held that one not circumcised be elected to the highest position in the land, from either the Luo or Tankana People. This would be considered tantamount to the land being ruled by a child or retarded and stunted person. The British had tried to outlaw these rites during their colonial rule. During the fight for independence the Mau Mau considered anyone not circumcised or refusing their children be circumcised to be the enemy of Mau Mau and Independence. Many, especially young girls and women were forcibly cut and butchered in this manner, hundreds dying. Now a mystery had grown. Although the medicine man or laiboni named Sampanga had made the cuttings days ago, one of the boys had been returned to her compound. All the rest of the Age-Set boys were recovering and continuing their instructions. This young boy, with serious and silent eyes had been returned by the grandfather and elder who was the chief of the village. Normally the boy would have been left to heal. Tradition dictated he not being removed from the initiation hut and the rest of the boys for any reason. This was the eldest son of his own son, Konjaru who had left many years ago to wonder the land of God. He now lived with the Red Faced White People, the British, tending their cattle and overseeing their land. The Masai had called them "iloridaa enjekat" - "those who confine their farts," on account of the trousers they wore, which they found very amusing. Konjaru was the son of his first wife, the young daughter of a respected elder from the next clan. The young chief had found her very alive and willing on their wedding mat. The short time he had been with her she had wound herself tightly to his heart. He had been devastated when she had died, the birth mothers unable to stop the bleeding when their son Konjaru was born. Konjaru grew into a young man, but he turned his back on the old traditions. He had left the Masai village to wonder the lands in search of his own destiny and away from the call of the ancestors. He had returned a few years later with a child on his arm and had given the child to his grandfather to take his place on the succession line and bring to the people a chief worthy of the ancient carved throne. Konjaru, named his first-born Etona, for the spirit of an ancestor who had come during the naming ceremony. Whichever name was uttered of the ancestors as the child stopped crying, became the child's name. It was believed the named child contained some of the spirit of a departed ancestor who would become a lifelong guide to the child. Now Etona lay at the far side of Majura's dark hut. A new collection of herbs had been placed on the cut to assist the healing and reduce the swirling fever that had gripped his body and mind. He talked of glittering stones and islands on tall legs in the great waters. He spoke quietly in the white man's tongue, of words and of things Majura did not know. He sobbed into the night as he called to his mother and of a love. Then from the recesses of his fevered dreams, Etona hissed like a snake and grimaced at an unknown face peering at him. He had seen his Twin Soul, his Other. All the while Majura peered into the smoke, reading the signs or casting bones when the visions were not clear. Moving her hand over them to feel their wisdom and become part of the visions dreams. One of the twins came in order to bring fresh water in which to sooth the fevered brows. She had noticed the younger of the two, the quiet one named Gileni. She had spent more time tending to Etona. On the first night, she had stayed up through the night to wash him, taking away the spit bowl and bringing fresh hot brewfor him to drink. Gileni and her twin sister Pathera had come as small children. They had been hidden away by their mother from the villagers who had feared them. Twins were to some a blessing and a wonder. To others, they brought droughts and misfortune. A magnet to troubled spirits who came bringing death and illness. They were to be taken from the mud walled compound and left on the open for God, to be taken by the wild and returned to the sky. The hungry made quick success of these offerings. Never a trace left to their final resting place. These sweet milk bones took little effort of the whooping hyenas that greeted their offerings with laughter. The twin's mother had brought them to Majura in the hope they would find life as herbalists and healers, laiboni - witchdoctors. To be greeted with warmth and honour from the very people who had originally scorned them and scratched for their deaths. Over the years Majura had many servants or pupils that had been brought to her by the people wherever she had travelled. Many had proven themselves to be adept and touched by their Ancestors. Some she had removed from her hut after they had proven themselves to be useless to all but the vultures. Young warriors and cattle boys were lured to their mats with cocked heads and swaying hips. Eyes shamefully directed right at the men's swollen pride. After round full bellies could no longer hide the fruit of their sexual hungers, a well placed foot to their backsides as they stooped low to exit the hut's open doorway, Majura flung them out with a curse. The twins had shown from the earliest of days, that it was not the fear of the villagers that had directed their life rivers to this place but Ngai himself was walking beside them all. All connected. The time had come for all to be revealed.
Chapter 3


